National Day

Swallows Depart From San Juan Capistrano Day

Celebrated on 10/23/2026

Quick Fact

Swallows Depart From San Juan Capistrano Day is observed annually on October 23, marking the end of the cliff swallows' stay in San Juan Capistrano, California. These birds migrate over 6,000 miles to their winter home in Goya, Argentina, and traditionally return on or around March 19 (St. Joseph's Day). The event symbolizes the changing seasons and has become a cherished local tradition.

Origins and Establishment of Swallows Depart From San Juan Capistrano Day

The swallows' return to Mission San Juan Capistrano has been celebrated since the early 20th century, but the specific departure day was formalized later. Father John O'Sullivan, who served as pastor of Mission San Juan Capistrano in the 1930s, was instrumental in promoting the swallows as a symbol of the mission. He noticed that the swallows consistently arrived around St. Joseph's Day (March 19) and departed around October 23. The departure date was officially recognized as "Swallows Depart From San Juan Capistrano Day" by the city and mission to mark the end of the birds' nesting season.

Evolution and Modern Commemoration

Initially, the event was a minor observance, but it grew in popularity as the mission became a major tourist attraction. Today, the day is marked with a small ceremony, often including educational talks about the swallows' migration patterns. The mission also hosts a "Swallows Day Parade" in March to celebrate their return, which has become a larger community event. The departure day is less publicized but remains significant for locals and bird enthusiasts, who gather to bid farewell to the birds as they begin their long journey.

Facts & General Observations

  • The cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) travel approximately 6,000 miles to Argentina each year.
  • The swallows have nested at Mission San Juan Capistrano for centuries, with records dating back to the late 1700s.
  • In recent years, the number of swallows has declined due to urbanization and habitat loss, but conservation efforts are in place to protect them.

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