National Day

International Literacy Day

Celebrated on 09/08/2026

Quick Fact

International Literacy Day, celebrated on September 8, was first declared by UNESCO in 1965 to highlight the importance of literacy as a matter of dignity and human rights. Did you know that despite global progress, over 770 million adults worldwide still lack basic literacy skills, with two-thirds of them being women?

Origins and Establishment of International Literacy Day

International Literacy Day (ILD) was proclaimed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on October 26, 1966, during the 14th session of the UNESCO General Conference. The first celebration took place on September 8, 1967, following the recommendation of the World Congress of Ministers of Education on the Eradication of Illiteracy held in Tehran in 1965. The day was established to remind the international community of the importance of literacy for individuals, communities, and societies, and to intensify efforts towards a more literate world.

Evolution and Modern Commemoration

Over the years, International Literacy Day has evolved to focus on specific themes, such as 'Literacy and Sustainable Development' in 2014 and 'Literacy in a Digital World' in 2017. Each year, UNESCO hosts events at its headquarters in Paris and coordinates activities worldwide, including award ceremonies for literacy projects, conferences, and workshops. Today, ILD is celebrated by governments, NGOs, and educational institutions through campaigns, book drives, and public readings, emphasizing the role of literacy in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 4 on quality education.

Facts & General Observations

  • Approximately 773 million adults and young people lack basic literacy skills, according to UNESCO's 2020 data.
  • 617 million children and adolescents worldwide are not achieving minimum proficiency levels in reading and mathematics.
  • Literacy rates have improved globally from 86% in 1990 to 91% in 2020, but disparities remain, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

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